Alba Patera Collapse Pits

Scaled Image

Image Credit: NASA/JPL/ASU

About this image

Collapse pits on Mars are formed in serveral ways. In volcanic areas, channelized lava flows can form roofs which insulate the flowing lava. These features are termed lava tubes on Earth and are common features in basaltic flows. After the lava has drained, parts of the roof of the tube will collapse under its own weight. These collapse pits will only be as deep as the bottom of the original lava tube. Another type of collapse feature associated with volcanic areas arises when very large eruptions completely evacuate the magma chamber beneath the volcano. The weight of the volcano will cause the entire ediface to subside into the void space below it. Structural features including fractures and graben will form during the subsidence. Many times collapse pits will form within the graben. In addition to volcanic collapse pits, Mars has many collapse pits formedwhen volatiles (such as subsurface ice) are released from the surface layers. As the volatiles leave, the weight of the surrounding rock causes collapse pits to form.
This image of the Alba Patera region has both lava tube collapse pits (running generally east/west) and subsidence related collapse within structural grabens.

Please see the THEMIS Data Citation Note for details on crediting THEMIS images. 

Context

Image ID: 
I10102010 (View data in Mars Image Explorer)
26.9328
256.506
10102
2004-03-24 21:56
Thu, 2004-11-18
IR
320 pixels (33 km)
1088 pixels (108 km)
0.099503 km/pixel
0.10357 km/pixel

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